In the following series of slides, Katy and David look at what’s actually involved in the EU’s Protocol and what has been agreed; what the UK Technical Note proposes to add to/change in the backstop; what this backstop could mean for trade and regulatory divergence between Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK; and if the backstop becomes a reality, how ‘hard’ could the Irish sea border become?
To view, click on each slide or to download the slides, please click here.
Slide 1
Slide 2
Slide 3
Slide 4
Slide 5
The featured image has been used courtesy of a Creative Commons license.
About the Authors
Katy Hayward is a Professor in Sociology in the School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work at Queen's University Belfast. She has particular expertise on cross-border cooperation and management, focusing on the case study of Ireland/Northern Ireland and the impact of EU membership.
David Phinnemore is Professor of European Politics and Jean Monnet Chair in European Political Science in the School of History, Anthropology, Philosophy and Politics at Queen's University Belfast. Professor Phinnemore's research interests cover EU treaty reform, EU enlargement, EU external relations and alternatives to EU membership, particularly association.